Ping (Packet Internet Groper) is a network diagnostic tool used to test connectivity between two devices on a network by sending ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) Echo Request packets and waiting for an Echo Reply. It helps determine whether a host is reachable, measure round-trip time (RTT), and detect packet loss. Learn more: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ping
Read MorePhishing
Phishing is a type of cyber attack that tricks people into sharing sensitive information or downloading malware. Phishing attempts often appear to come from a legitmate source, such as a bank or financial institution. Most happen via email, or sometimes text messaging. Learn more: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishing
Read MorePCI-DSS
PCI-DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard) is a set of security standards designed to ensure that organizations handling credit card information maintain a secure environment. It outlines requirements for protecting cardholder data, securing networks, and managing vulnerabilities, with a focus on preventing fraud and data breaches. Compliance with PCI-DSS is required for businesses that […]
Read MorePatch
A cybersecurity patch is a software update designed to fix security vulnerabilities, bugs, or weaknesses in operating systems, applications, or firmware. These patches are released by software vendors to prevent cyber threats, such as hacking, malware, and data breaches. Learn more: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patch
Read MorePAT
Port Address Translation (PAT) is a type of Network Address Translation (NAT) that allows multiple devices on a local network to share a single public IP address for internet access. It works by assigning unique port numbers to each internal device’s outgoing traffic, enabling the router to track and direct responses back to the correct […]
Read MorePAM
Privileged Access Management (PAM) refers to a set of cybersecurity practices, technologies, and tools designed to manage and monitor access to critical systems, applications, and data by privileged users (such as administrators, system operators, and other highly trusted roles). PAM ensures that these users only have access to the systems they need, and that their […]
Read MorePacket
A packet is a structured block of digital information sent across a network. Every packet contains both the payload (actual data) and headers (routing information such as source, destination, and sequence). Network devices like routers and firewalls inspect, filter, and forward packets to ensure efficient and secure communication. Understanding packet flow is essential for troubleshooting, […]
Read MoreOWASP Top 10
The OWASP Top 10 is a globally recognized awareness document from the Open Worldwide Application Security Project (OWASP). It highlights the most common and impactful web application vulnerabilities — including issues like injection attacks, broken authentication, insecure design, and cross-site scripting (XSS). MSPs and developers use the OWASP Top 10 as a baseline for securing […]
Read MoreOut-of-Band Management
In systems management, out-of-band management (OOB; also lights-out management or LOM) is a process for accessing and managing devices and infrastructure at remote locations through a separate management plane from the production network. OOB allows a system administrator to monitor and manage servers and other network-attached equipment by remote control regardless of whether the machine […]
Read MoreOSPF
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is a link-state routing protocol used in IP networks for intra-domain routing within an autonomous system. It dynamically calculates the best path using the Dijkstra Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm, considering link cost (based on bandwidth). OSPF organizes networks into areas, with Area 0 (Backbone Area) as the core for […]
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