TCP

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a connection-oriented, reliable transport layer protocol (Layer 4 of the OSI model) used for data transmission between networked devices. It ensures that data arrives accurately and in the correct order, making it ideal for applications requiring reliable communication, such as web browsing, email, and file transfers. Learn more: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP

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Syslog

Syslog is a standardized logging protocol used to collect, store, and analyze system messages from network devices, servers, and applications. It operates over UDP (default port 514) or TCP and enables centralized logging by forwarding messages to a Syslog server for monitoring and troubleshooting. Syslog messages are categorized by severity levels (0 – Emergency to […]

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Symmetric Encryption

Symmetric Encryption secures data by using a single shared key for both encrypting and decrypting information. It’s fast and efficient, making it ideal for encrypting large volumes of data such as backups and internal file transfers. Because both parties must share the same key, it’s often combined with asymmetric encryption for secure key exchange. Learn […]

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SWG

Secure Web Gateway (SWG) is a security solution that protects users from online threats by filtering and monitoring web traffic. It helps prevent access to malicious websites, blocks malware, and enforces company policies regarding web usage. SWGs are typically deployed at the network perimeter or in the cloud to ensure secure access to web applications […]

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Supply Chain Attack

A supply chain attack is a type of cybersecurity attack where a threat actor targets the less secure elements of a supply chain to gain access to a system or network. Rather than directly attacking a target organization, the attacker compromises the systems, processes, or software of suppliers, vendors, or third-party partners involved in the […]

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STP

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a Layer 2 network protocol designed to prevent loops in switched Ethernet networks. Loops occur when multiple paths exist between switches, leading to broadcast storms, MAC table corruption, and network instability. STP ensures a loop-free topology by selectively blocking redundant links while allowing alternative paths in case of failure. Learn […]

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SSRF

SSRF (Server-Side Request Forgery) is a web security vulnerability that allows an attacker to trick a server into making unauthorized requests to internal or external resources. This occurs when a web application fetches data from a user-supplied URL without proper validation, enabling the attacker to interact with internal systems that are normally protected by firewalls […]

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SSL Inspection

SSL Inspection (also referred to as SSL/TLS Inspection or HTTPS inspection) is a security process where encrypted web traffic (SSL/TLS traffic) is decrypted and inspected for potential threats before being re-encrypted and sent to the intended destination. This is essential because many cyberattacks use HTTPS to conceal malicious activities such as malware delivery, data exfiltration, […]

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SPF

SPF (Sender Policy Framework) is an email authentication protocol designed to detect email spoofing (when a sender’s address is forged) and help ensure that an email message was sent from an authorized mail server. SPF works by allowing a domain owner to specify which IP addresses or mail servers are allowed to send emails on […]

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SOCaaS

SOCaaS (Security Operations Center as a Service) is a cloud-based service that provides organizations with outsourced security operations and monitoring. It enables businesses to leverage a team of security experts who continuously monitor their IT infrastructure, detect threats, and respond to incidents in real-time. SOCaaS typically includes services such as threat intelligence, incident response, and […]

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