Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a network protocol used to map IP virtual addresses to physical MAC addresses within a local network (LAN). When a device needs to communicate with another device on the same network, it uses ARP to find the corresponding MAC address for a given IP address. ARP operates by sending a broadcast request (“Who has this IP?”) and receiving a unicast reply with the correct MAC address. While essential for network communication, ARP is vulnerable to attacks like ARP spoofing, where malicious devices send fake ARP responses to intercept or manipulate traffic. Learn more: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARP